Follow these steps to clean a Samsung dishwasher filter, drain, and sump: Filter: If the filter is removable, rinse it under warm running water, brushing with a soft brush to remove stubborn particles. Drain: Leave the filter out to access the drain pump cover. Push the handle upwards to pull up the drain pump cover and remove any visible debris.Dishwasher cycles Your Samsung dishwasher comes with different cycles for cleaning your plates, pots, pans, and cutlery. You can review the list of cycles below: Auto (This cycle is called Smart Auto on older models): This cycle detects the level of soil and automatically initiates the optimal cycle after a few mintues of operation. Here are the steps you should take: Check the dishwasher’s drain connection at the sink. Run water in the sink and clear out any debris from the filters and drains. Inspect the drain base for any debris. Clean the drains and filters to get rid of any debris in the tub.Here are the steps you should take: Check the dishwasher’s drain connection at the sink. Run water in the sink and clear out any debris from the filters and drains. Inspect the drain base for any debris. Clean the drains and filters to get rid of any debris in the tub.Samsung dishwasher does not turn on. When your dishwasher doesn't turn on, it could be nothing to fret about. It could just be a tripped circuit breaker or a switch that needs to be flipped. There are a few things to check out to get your dishwasher back up and running.Jul 23, 2021 · To reset your dishwasher, press the button and wait for about two minutes for the unit to reset itself. If you don't have a reset button, however, you can do a manual reset. Resetting a Samsung dishwasher is easy to do. You'll just need to unplug the unit and then wait for about five minutes for the electrical charge to clear. Mar 3, 2021 · Your best bet would be to contact your product’s manufacturer. 1. Rinse Aid Cap. The rinse aid cap is a common reason why your dishwasher is not dispensing soap. That is, it is either loose or already damaged from the constant exposure to hot water. Fortunately, a bit of troubleshooting can confirm this. Damaged seals or hoses. Clogged dishwasher nozzles or drain filters. Unlevel dishwashers or those stuck with tight cabinet screws are also likely to leak and cause the “normal” light to blink. 1. Clogged Sink Drains. Clogged sink drains are usually obvious without a flashing “normal” light on your Samsung dishwasher, but other symptoms ...To reset your dishwasher, press the button and wait for about two minutes for the unit to reset itself. If you don't have a reset button, however, you can do a manual reset. Resetting a Samsung dishwasher is easy to do. You'll just need to unplug the unit and then wait for about five minutes for the electrical charge to clear.Most dishwasher cycles times range from 80-150 minutes, depending on the cycle and the soil level. It's not unusual for a cycle to be 2 or 3 hours long. This is true for all manufacturers, not just Samsung. However, if you think the cycle is too long, follow the few steps below to determine the cause of the issue. People encountering this issue is one of the most common things. The most common reason for the filter, drain hose, or pump to malfunction is blocked food particles. Samsung dishwasher not draining could be caused from the drain pump, solenoid valve, or check valve (flapper) may be faulty. To determine and resolve the problem if your Samsung ...Resetting your dishwasher is easy. Unplug it (or turn off power at the circuit breaker), wait some time for the electrical charge to clear out of the dishwasher (usually 1 to 5 minutes at most), and then power it up again. That's it. That's all it takes to reset. Damaged seals or hoses. Clogged dishwasher nozzles or drain filters. Unlevel dishwashers or those stuck with tight cabinet screws are also likely to leak and cause the “normal” light to blink. 1. Clogged Sink Drains. Clogged sink drains are usually obvious without a flashing “normal” light on your Samsung dishwasher, but other symptoms ...Unplug the machine. Locate the float switch assembly under the float bulb in the front corner of the dishwasher. Test its operation with a multimeter set to x1. You should get a reading of zero or infinity and a change to the opposite reading when the switch is depressed. If not, the float switch assembly should be replaced.1. Turn off the dishwasher. The first thing you will need to do is turn off the dishwasher by hitting the power button, and then cutting off the power completely by turning off the circuit breaker or unplugging the unit entirely. 2. Wait 1-5 minutes. Once you have cut off all power from the machine, you will need to wait up to 5 minutes for the ...If that won’t sort out the glitch, you may have problems with your power, water source, door latch, or internal issues. Restarting your dishwasher is a simple procedure regardless of your dishwasher model or make. We will discuss how to restart your dishwasher, 9 ways to troubleshoot it, and why you need to restart it. Reset Samsung DishwasherPut the drain hose in a bucket and set your dishwasher to drain by pressing the drain/cancel/start button for three seconds. Then close the dishwasher door to start it. While the drain tube is in the bucket, shake it to loosen the obstruction. When water comes shooting out, let it continue until it’s fully drained.To reset your dishwasher, press the button and wait for about two minutes for the unit to reset itself. If you don't have a reset button, however, you can do a manual reset. Resetting a Samsung dishwasher is easy to do. You'll just need to unplug the unit and then wait for about five minutes for the electrical charge to clear.Samsung Dishwasher Stuck on Song and Won’t Turn Off. Dishwashers can run into various types of issues. One issue sometimes reported by Samsung dishwasher owners is that their machine is stuck on the end-of-cycle song and will not turn off. Before you turn to a technician for help, there are a few things you can try: Sanitize Cycle Solution You have to make a visual check of all the hoses and clamps and seals down there. It really could be anything causing the water to leak. I ran a delicate cycle, after the first cycle, when the dishwasher was filling itself up the second time. I noticed that water was leaking from the bottom right side of the door.Try resetting the dishwasher. If the dishwasher won’t start but has power, it could be stuck between cycles. If the start button has been pushed more than once, the dishwasher may revert to a ...Bear in mind that you try them only if reset fails to help. 1. Door might not be latched properly. Shut the door – push in on the dishwasher’s door while pressing start (the idea is to make sure the door switch is indeed closing). If the latch is okay and no soap buildup is causing closing problems, the closed door sensor might not be ... To reset a Samsung dishwasher, locate the ‘Start/Reset’ button on the control panel. Hold the button down for three seconds, then release it, and press it again to reset the dishwasher. The dishwasher may require a manual reset if you can’t restart it after completing the process by pressing the ‘Start/Reset’ button.Jul 23, 2021 · To reset your dishwasher, press the button and wait for about two minutes for the unit to reset itself. If you don't have a reset button, however, you can do a manual reset. Resetting a Samsung dishwasher is easy to do. You'll just need to unplug the unit and then wait for about five minutes for the electrical charge to clear. Follow these steps to clean a Samsung dishwasher filter, drain, and sump: Filter: If the filter is removable, rinse it under warm running water, brushing with a soft brush to remove stubborn particles. Drain: Leave the filter out to access the drain pump cover. Push the handle upwards to pull up the drain pump cover and remove any visible debris.Oct 14, 2015 · Open up the jet dry rinse agent dispenser by removing the cap or opening the door. Clean the dispenser hole and the door or cap with a damp sponge. Remove the residue that is clogging the dispenser. Once completely cleaned and free of gunk, replace the cap or door and run a test wash. Now that we’ve covered the potential causes of a Samsung dishwasher won’t turn off, let’s move on to the troubleshooting steps. Step 1: Check the power supply and ensure that the dishwasher is properly plugged in. Step 2: Inspect the control board for any damage or malfunction. If the control board is faulty, it may need to be replaced.Here we will discuss step-wise instructions to disable child lock mode in the Samsung dishwasher. Turn on the dishwasher. Now press and hold the Stop button for 5 seconds. After this, it will turn off child lock mode from your Samsung dishwasher. If this method is not working, press and rinse the button for 3 seconds.Samsung dishwasher not draining is likely to be caused by a clogged-up filter, blocked hose, or faulty pump. Before you call a repair service, try these three simple fixes if your dishwasher won’t drain.Nov 19, 2021 · Samsung DW80M2020 dishwasher won't shut off and drain impeller keeps running. Have turned off breaker for 48 hours, no fix. Pulled washer out, no moisture on floor. If your Samsung dishwasher is not getting power, the problem could be as simple as a loose connection or blown fuse. Make Sure it’s Plug-In: Verify that the dishwasher is plugged in. The switch that turns the dishwasher on maybe accidentally switched to the off position. Find and check that it is in the ON position.Let’s walk through how to check to see if that’s the issue. Step 1: You guessed it, unplug the machine. Step 2: In the front corner of the dishwasher, you’ll find the float bulb. Under that, there is the float switch. Step 3: Using a multimeter set to x1, get a reading of the float switch.1. Turn off the dishwasher. The first thing you will need to do is turn off the dishwasher by hitting the power button, and then cutting off the power completely by turning off the circuit breaker or unplugging the unit entirely. 2. Wait 1-5 minutes. Once you have cut off all power from the machine, you will need to wait up to 5 minutes for the ...Level your Samsung dishwasher. Leveling the dishwasher is just one step of installation, but it's an important one. Proper leveling will help to prevent leaks and other performance issues. For best results, the dishwasher needs to be level both vertically and horizontally.Originally Posted by: Simon / APP Team. When you open the door and look inside - what you see is called "cavity". The drain pump is under it. You can get to it from the sides or back to dry the water. Unplug the unit before working. Simon. Simon, I appreciate your help with this. If the water inlet valve is clogged with sediments, the dishwasher won’t fill properly. Before working on the water line, first shut off the water supply. Inspect the valve to determine if it is clogged. In addition, check the water pressure to the valve. The water inlet valve requires at least 20 psi to function properly.If the check valve is stuck in the closed position or has been damaged, water will not drain from your dishwasher. It is possible to clean the valve, but you should replace the check valve if that does not work. Turn on the faucet and let the water run for a few minutes. Then check to make sure that it drains into the sink.Your Samsung dishwasher detects a stuck button somewhere if the Auto, Normal and Express 60 lights are all on. Turn off the dishwasher and touch every button on the panel. Turn the unit back on. If the lights come back on and any buttons appear to be stuck and not working, contact Samsung support.If you are still having a problem, you can contact Samsung service here – Samsung Dishwasher Support If your Samsung dishwasher has the LC or LE code and the above information did not fix your problem, please leave a detailed question about your issue.Locate it near the pump, behind the lower access panel of the dishwasher. Remove the relay and refer to the wiring diagram. With the multimeter set on Rx1, test the coil for continuity. It should ...5. Samsung Dishwasher Won’t Start. This is a guide to troubleshooting a Samsung dishwasher that won’t start. Start by checking if one of the following problems may have caused the trouble: The power cord has been unplugged or disconnected from the dishwasher. The water supply for your dishwasher is turned off.Samsung dishwasher does not turn on. When your dishwasher doesn't turn on, it could be nothing to fret about. It could just be a tripped circuit breaker or a switch that needs to be flipped. There are a few things to check out to get your dishwasher back up and running.3. Try running the water throughout the sink. Ensure that your dishwasher is draining properly by running the water in the sink that it’s connected to. Pull down your dishwasher’s drain hose and allow the water to run for one minute, then check the drainage connection at the bottom of the dishwasher. 4.Dishwasher cycles Your Samsung dishwasher comes with different cycles for cleaning your plates, pots, pans, and cutlery. You can review the list of cycles below: Auto (This cycle is called Smart Auto on older models): This cycle detects the level of soil and automatically initiates the optimal cycle after a few mintues of operation.06 - Samsung Dishwasher Drain Valve. Over time, the drain valve can get clogged with debris. To ensure that water can flow through the drain valve, clean out the valve. If the drain valve is clear of debris but it still won’t actuate, replace it. Drain valves are not repairable—if the drain valve is defective, you must replace it. If the check valve is stuck in the closed position or has been damaged, water will not drain from your dishwasher. It is possible to clean the valve, but you should replace the check valve if that does not work. Turn on the faucet and let the water run for a few minutes. Then check to make sure that it drains into the sink.Let’s walk through how to check to see if that’s the issue. Step 1: You guessed it, unplug the machine. Step 2: In the front corner of the dishwasher, you’ll find the float bulb. Under that, there is the float switch. Step 3: Using a multimeter set to x1, get a reading of the float switch.Jun 12, 2022 · Samsung Dishwasher Won’t Drain. Solution 1: Check Drain Connection At Sink. Solution 2: Run Water In The Sink. Solution 3: Check Drain Hose. Solution 4: Clean Drain, Filter and Sump. Solution 5: Make Sure The Line Is Not Frozen. Let’s walk through how to check to see if that’s the issue. Step 1: You guessed it, unplug the machine. Step 2: In the front corner of the dishwasher, you’ll find the float bulb. Under that, there is the float switch. Step 3: Using a multimeter set to x1, get a reading of the float switch.5. Samsung Dishwasher Won’t Start. This is a guide to troubleshooting a Samsung dishwasher that won’t start. Start by checking if one of the following problems may have caused the trouble: The power cord has been unplugged or disconnected from the dishwasher. The water supply for your dishwasher is turned off.To reset a Samsung dishwasher, locate the ‘Start/Reset’ button on the control panel. Hold the button down for three seconds, then release it, and press it again to reset the dishwasher. The dishwasher may require a manual reset if you can’t restart it after completing the process by pressing the ‘Start/Reset’ button.Dishwasher cycles Your Samsung dishwasher comes with different cycles for cleaning your plates, pots, pans, and cutlery. You can review the list of cycles below: Auto (This cycle is called Smart Auto on older models): This cycle detects the level of soil and automatically initiates the optimal cycle after a few mintues of operation.Bear in mind that you try them only if reset fails to help. 1. Door might not be latched properly. Shut the door – push in on the dishwasher’s door while pressing start (the idea is to make sure the door switch is indeed closing). If the latch is okay and no soap buildup is causing closing problems, the closed door sensor might not be ...Why Samsung Dishwasher Is Not Draining? Suppose your Samsung dishwasher is not draining at the end of the cycle. Here are six reasons why that might be the case and what you can do about it. Drain Hose Clogged. What it is: The drain hose allows all of the dirty and used water from your dishwasher to flow out into your household plumbing.Overview of the Control Panel Locking Mechanism for the Disabling and Enabling of the Control Panel for Model DW80R2031US Samsung DishwasherModern Samsung dishwasher comes with a built-in reset button. You can by pressing it. It takes maximum 120 seconds to be reset. Buttons vary from one model to another. Old and budget Samsung dishwashers normally don’t come with a reset button. But don’t worry!Let’s walk through how to check to see if that’s the issue. Step 1: You guessed it, unplug the machine. Step 2: In the front corner of the dishwasher, you’ll find the float bulb. Under that, there is the float switch. Step 3: Using a multimeter set to x1, get a reading of the float switch.Nov 19, 2021 · Samsung DW80M2020 dishwasher won't shut off and drain impeller keeps running. Have turned off breaker for 48 hours, no fix. Pulled washer out, no moisture on floor. Samsung dishwasher not draining is likely to be caused by a clogged-up filter, blocked hose, or faulty pump. Before you call a repair service, try these three simple fixes if your dishwasher won’t drain.Nov 19, 2021 · Samsung DW80M2020 dishwasher won't shut off and drain impeller keeps running. Have turned off breaker for 48 hours, no fix. Pulled washer out, no moisture on floor. Locate it near the pump, behind the lower access panel of the dishwasher. Remove the relay and refer to the wiring diagram. With the multimeter set on Rx1, test the coil for continuity. It should ...The Normal light may flash as a part of several combinations of information codes. A blinking Normal light indicates the dishwasher’s leak sensor detects moisture or there’s not enough water in the machine. However, a flashing Normal light in conjunction with other lights can signal a stuck button, hot water, or short-circuited thermistor.Jul 31, 2021 · Let’s walk through how to check to see if that’s the issue. Step 1: You guessed it, unplug the machine. Step 2: In the front corner of the dishwasher, you’ll find the float bulb. Under that, there is the float switch. Step 3: Using a multimeter set to x1, get a reading of the float switch. 01 - Samsung Dishwasher Door Hinge. If the door hinges are damaged, the door won’t be able to latch properly. Inspect the door hinges for damage. If a hinge is bent or broken, replace it. Required Part.Samsung dishwasher does not start or fill with water. Your dishwasher takes a moment to start because it's draining first. If it doesn't start right away, it could be due to Child Lock, Delay Start, the door not being closed all the way, or just holding the Start button for too long.5. Samsung Dishwasher Won’t Start. This is a guide to troubleshooting a Samsung dishwasher that won’t start. Start by checking if one of the following problems may have caused the trouble: The power cord has been unplugged or disconnected from the dishwasher. The water supply for your dishwasher is turned off.Damaged seals or hoses. Clogged dishwasher nozzles or drain filters. Unlevel dishwashers or those stuck with tight cabinet screws are also likely to leak and cause the “normal” light to blink. 1. Clogged Sink Drains. Clogged sink drains are usually obvious without a flashing “normal” light on your Samsung dishwasher, but other symptoms ... Your Samsung dishwasher detects a stuck button somewhere if the Auto, Normal and Express 60 lights are all on. Turn off the dishwasher and touch every button on the panel. Turn the unit back on. If the lights come back on and any buttons appear to be stuck and not working, contact Samsung support.If the check valve is stuck in the closed position or has been damaged, water will not drain from your dishwasher. It is possible to clean the valve, but you should replace the check valve if that does not work. Turn on the faucet and let the water run for a few minutes. Then check to make sure that it drains into the sink.Run water in the sink that the dishwasher is connected to. Run water for about 30 seconds, and then verify if the sink drains. If it does not, the issue is with the home's plumbing and not with the dishwasher itself. Contact a plumber for assistance. Use caution when cleaning the drain, because there may be sharp debris.Bear in mind that you try them only if reset fails to help. 1. Door might not be latched properly. Shut the door – push in on the dishwasher’s door while pressing start (the idea is to make sure the door switch is indeed closing). If the latch is okay and no soap buildup is causing closing problems, the closed door sensor might not be ... When a Samsung dishwasher drain pump does not function as it is supposed to, this will cause the appliance to become unusable. You will need to figure out what’s going on and how to fix the drain pump in a dishwasher to ensure it works properly. This is why you will want to start by figuring out why the Samsung dishwasher drain pump won’t stop.Jun 12, 2023 · If the reset does not work after unplugging the power from the dishwasher, the next step is to click the Start or Reset button on the dishwasher to restart it from the beginning. For approximately 10 seconds, press the button. Then wait around 2 to 3 minutes to see if this procedure has reset the dishwasher. If your Samsung dishwasher is not getting power, the problem could be as simple as a loose connection or blown fuse. Make Sure it’s Plug-In: Verify that the dishwasher is plugged in. The switch that turns the dishwasher on maybe accidentally switched to the off position. Find and check that it is in the ON position. To reset a Samsung dishwasher, locate the ‘Start/Reset’ button on the control panel. Hold the button down for three seconds, then release it, and press it again to reset the dishwasher. The dishwasher may require a manual reset if you can’t restart it after completing the process by pressing the ‘Start/Reset’ button.Resetting your dishwasher is easy. Unplug it (or turn off power at the circuit breaker), wait some time for the electrical charge to clear out of the dishwasher (usually 1 to 5 minutes at most), and then power it up again. That's it. That's all it takes to reset.If you are having problems with the door of your Samsung dishwasher opening and closing, hold down the ‘Heated Dry’ button for 3 seconds, clean the soap dispenser of any detergent residue, turn off the AutoRelease setting, and be sure the door is pulled down completely with the bottom rack out. It may seem rather trivial to fixate on door ...May 3, 2023 · Locate it near the pump, behind the lower access panel of the dishwasher. Remove the relay and refer to the wiring diagram. With the multimeter set on Rx1, test the coil for continuity. It should ... Jan 28, 2021 · Have a Samsung Dishwasher model DW80F600UTS/AA with auto save and heavy lights blinking. Have clean the fllter check the drain hoses and kitchen drain check the air gap all are clean. Started the dish … Samsung dishwasher does not turn on. When your dishwasher doesn't turn on, it could be nothing to fret about. It could just be a tripped circuit breaker or a switch that needs to be flipped. There are a few things to check out to get your dishwasher back up and running.Most dishwasher cycles times range from 80-150 minutes, depending on the cycle and the soil level. It's not unusual for a cycle to be 2 or 3 hours long. This is true for all manufacturers, not just Samsung. However, if you think the cycle is too long, follow the few steps below to determine the cause of the issue. Damaged seals or hoses. Clogged dishwasher nozzles or drain filters. Unlevel dishwashers or those stuck with tight cabinet screws are also likely to leak and cause the “normal” light to blink. 1. Clogged Sink Drains. Clogged sink drains are usually obvious without a flashing “normal” light on your Samsung dishwasher, but other symptoms ...Oct 15, 2020 · Overview of the Control Panel Locking Mechanism for the Disabling and Enabling of the Control Panel for Model DW80R2031US Samsung Dishwasher
Overview of the Control Panel Locking Mechanism for the Disabling and Enabling of the Control Panel for Model DW80R2031US Samsung Dishwasher. Tbxcgszl
May 6, 2020 · The steps discussed above are usually the only fix required to clear the LC code and allow you to continue on with using your Samsung dishwasher. If you still need help or can’t get the code to clear you can also try to call Samsung’s dishwasher support line. They will need to know your model number and a brief description of what’s going on. Feb 10, 2022 · Remove by pinching it with your fingers. Press the drain or reset button and close the dishwasher door. A three-inch column of water should shoot out of that small central tube. Put the cap back on. If you see a big column of water when you press the drain or reset button, the problem is fixed. If not, move on to Step 3. Samsung Dishwasher Won’t Cancel and Drain You may have accidentally pushed a button which caused your Samsung dishwasher to quickly fill up, thus leaving you with a small standing pool of water. When this happens, you should be able to quickly cancel the action and then begin the draining process to get rid of the water at the bottom of your ...Originally Posted by: Simon / APP Team. When you open the door and look inside - what you see is called "cavity". The drain pump is under it. You can get to it from the sides or back to dry the water. Unplug the unit before working. Simon. Simon, I appreciate your help with this. Why Samsung Dishwasher Is Not Draining? Suppose your Samsung dishwasher is not draining at the end of the cycle. Here are six reasons why that might be the case and what you can do about it. Drain Hose Clogged. What it is: The drain hose allows all of the dirty and used water from your dishwasher to flow out into your household plumbing.Aug 20, 2022 · 08-20-2022 07:03 AM in. Kitchen and Family Hub. My dishwasher (DW80K7050UG) won’t power on. At first I would occasionally have to turn off the breaker and wait a few minutes to turn it back on which would then have the dishwasher run. Jul 20, 2019 · Why Samsung Dishwasher Is Not Draining? Suppose your Samsung dishwasher is not draining at the end of the cycle. Here are six reasons why that might be the case and what you can do about it. Drain Hose Clogged. What it is: The drain hose allows all of the dirty and used water from your dishwasher to flow out into your household plumbing. Appliance Technician: canuck the pro. It was probably the supply line. When they tightened the nut they probably over tightened it. When that happens the flange will turn with the nut and it will put a twist in the hose and pulling it out probably got the twist out. You may want to loosen the hose on each end and take the twist out then tighten ...Adjusting the AutoRelease Dry Setting. Touch POWER to turn on the dishwasher. To enter the settings menu, touch and hold Lower Santize and Hi-Temp Wash Delay Start until U0 or U1 appears on the display. Touch Sanitize repeatedly until A0 or A1 appears on the display. Then touch Delay Start to alternate between the two options.Samsung dishwasher does not start or fill with water. Your dishwasher takes a moment to start because it's draining first. If it doesn't start right away, it could be due to Child Lock, Delay Start, the door not being closed all the way, or just holding the Start button for too long.Our Samsung dishwasher (model DW80J302US) sometimes won’t stop draining (usually after running a cycle) and just the light by the heavy button blinks. The only way to stop it is to turn off the breaker for several days. And then it will randomly start working fine again. I had a plumber out who said all looks good from a plumbing perspective ...Level your Samsung dishwasher. Leveling the dishwasher is just one step of installation, but it's an important one. Proper leveling will help to prevent leaks and other performance issues. For best results, the dishwasher needs to be level both vertically and horizontally.When a Samsung dishwasher drain pump does not function as it is supposed to, this will cause the appliance to become unusable. You will need to figure out what’s going on and how to fix the drain pump in a dishwasher to ensure it works properly. This is why you will want to start by figuring out why the Samsung dishwasher drain pump won’t stop.Level your Samsung dishwasher. Leveling the dishwasher is just one step of installation, but it's an important one. Proper leveling will help to prevent leaks and other performance issues. For best results, the dishwasher needs to be level both vertically and horizontally. I have a samsung Dishwasher model DW7933LRASR and the Heavy light is blinking and can’t get the dishwasher to do anything. So is that a code for something? Contractor's Assistant: What happened just before the light on your Samsung dishwasher came on? Not sure that anything happened. Ran dishwasher and it seemed to have cleaned okay.Dishwasher cycles Your Samsung dishwasher comes with different cycles for cleaning your plates, pots, pans, and cutlery. You can review the list of cycles below: Auto (This cycle is called Smart Auto on older models): This cycle detects the level of soil and automatically initiates the optimal cycle after a few mintues of operation. .